Can a woman have periods without ovulation?
Product review: Saafkins reusable sanitary napkins from Livinguard
7 reasons you have prolonged periods (more than 5-7 days)
Are inhalers safe for pregnant women?
Expert decodes laser hair removal for pubic area
What happens to your breasts during breastfeeding?
गर्भनिरोधक गोळ्या घेतल्यास हृदयविकाराचा धोका वाढतो का ?
- गर्भनिरोधक गोळ्या घेण्यापूर्वी तुम्हाला हृदयाची कोणती समस्या नाही ना, हे जाणून घेण्यासाठी डॉक्टरांशी बोला.
- गर्भनिरोधक गोळ्या घेताना तुमचे वजन नियंत्रित राहिले असे पहा. त्यासाठी नियमित व्यायाम करा आणि आहाराच्या योग्य सवयी पाळा.
- छातीत दुखणे, घाम येणे, थकवा येणे यांसारखी हृदयाच्या समस्यांची कोणतीही लक्षणे जाणवल्यास त्याकडे गंभीरतेने पहा आणि त्वरित डॉक्टरांचा सल्ला घ्या. गर्भनिरोधक गोळ्यांचा वापर केल्यामुळे वंधत्व येते का?
पहली बार दूध पिलाने पर ब्रेस्ट के साथ क्या होता है?
आपने तो सुना ही होगा कि जब कोई महिला प्रेगनेंट होती है या स्तनपान कराती है तो उसके ब्रेस्ट्स का आकार बदल जाता है। लेकिन केवल इतना ही नहीं होता। ब्रेस्टफीड कराते समय आपको अपने ब्रेस्ट्स में और भी कई तरह के बदलाव दिखायी पड़ेंगे। हमने बात की गाइनाकलॉजिस्ट अरुंधति धर से जिन्होंने बताया कुछ ऐसे बदलावों के बारे में जो ब्रेस्टफीडिंग करानेवाली मांओं के ब्रेस्ट्स में आते हैं।
स्तनपान के दौरान ब्रेस्ट्स में कैसे बदलाव आते हैं? आप जैसे ही प्रेगनेंट होती हैं आपके ब्रेस्ट बच्चे के लिए दूध बनाने की तैयारी शुरु कर देते हैं। आपके निप्पल के आसपास की त्वचा पर हल्के उभार आने लगते हैं उनका रंग भी गहरा होने लगता है। यह प्रकृति का अपना तरीका है बच्चे को उसके भोजन के बारे में जानकारी देने का। निप्पल के पास के छोटे उभार या सूजन से एक तैलीय पदार्थ निकलता है जो बच्चे को दूध खींचने के लिए लुब्रिकेशन देने के साथ आपके निप्पल्स को साफ रखने और उन्हें इंफेक्शन से बचाने का कार्य करती है। साथ ही, आपके ब्रेस्ट से ऐम्नीऑटिक फ्लूइड (amniotic fluid) जैसी गंध आती है, जो आपके बच्चे को जन्म के बाद से ही महसूस होती रहेगी और वह इस गंध के आधार पर मां का दूध पीने के लिए प्रेरित हो सकेगा।
ब्रेस्ट दूध कैसे बनाते हैं? ऐल्वीअलस(Alveoli) वह जगह है जहां दूध बनता है। वे आपके ब्रेस्ट्स में कोशिकाओं के छोटे-छोटे समूह हैं, जो छोटी मांसपेशियों से घिरे हुए होते हैं। यह तरल पदार्थ को डक्ट्यूल(ductules) से बाहर निकालते हैं। डक्ट्यूल छोटी नहरें हैं जो दूध को ऐल्वीअलस से डक्टस या नली तक ले जाते हैं। ये हार्मोन प्रोलैक्टिन (prolactin) हैं जो आपके शरीर को शरीर को पोषण देने के लिए दूध बनाने के संकेत देता है।
पहली बार दूध पिलाने पर ब्रेस्ट के साथ क्या होता है? कोलोस्ट्रम (Colostrum) जो एक क्रीम जैसा दिखने वाला, गाढ़ा और प्रोटीन से भरपूर पदार्थ है, पहले दूध के रुप में वही आपके बच्चे को मिलता है। यह बीमारियों से लड़नेवाली एंटीबॉडिज़ से भरपूर होता है और यह बच्चे की रोगप्रतिरोधक शक्ति को बढ़ाता है और यह पचने में भी आसान होता है। असली दूध 3 दिन बाद बाहर निकलता है, जब हार्मोन प्रोलैक्टिन सक्रिय हो जाते हैं।
ब्रेस्टफीड कराते रहने से ब्रेस्ट के साथ क्या होता है? आप जब स्तनपान कराती हैं, तो आपको अपने ब्रेस्ट्स में कुछ झुनझुनी, चुभनी, सनसनी और जलन जैसा महसूस होता है। ऐसा महसूस करना सामान्य है और कुछ समय बाद यह महसूस नहीं होता। आपको ब्रेस्टमिल्क बूंदों या स्प्रे के रुप में बाहर आता हुआ दिखायी देगा। अपने बच्चे को बार-बार दूध पिलाने से आपके ब्रेस्ट्स में दर्द या उत्तेजना महसूस नहीं होगी।
शुरुआत के कुछ दिनों तक ब्रेस्टफीड कराते समय आपको अपने पेट में भी कुछ परेशानियां महसूस होंगी। यह ऑक्सिटोसिन (oxytocin) है जो आपके पेट में सक्रिय होते हुए उसमें हलचल महसूस कराता है।
Read this in English. अनुवादक -Sadhna Tiwari चित्र स्रोत- Shutterstock Images
What are the causes of cervicitis?
- Chlamydia trachomatis is a bacterium that causes the infection through sexual contact.
- The infection mainly occurs in women aged 25 years or less.
- Many people who have chlamydia do not develop any symptoms, but they can still infect their sex partners.
- It can also spread from mother to baby by pregnancy or when breastfeeding.
- Although infants infected with chlamydia may not show obvious symptoms, it may cause perinatal death. However, early diagnosis and appropriate treatment may reduce perinatal complications.[2]
- Sometimes, the bacteria can transfer to the eye causing acute conjunctivitis.
- Reactive arthritis is a rare complication of chlamydial infection.
- The infection resolves within days to few weeks.
- The infection is treatable with antibiotics.
- Higher number of partners; chances of M. genitalium increases by 10 percent for every additional sexual partner [5]
- Having a partner with M. genitalium infection
- Co-infection with other sexually transmitted pathogens like Chlamydia
- There are two types of genital herpes virus - herpes simplex virus 1 and herpes simplex virus 2.
- Herpes virus is risky in a woman of reproductive age because the baby can be infected from exposure to HSV in the genital tract during delivery.
- Typical symptom of HSV is the appearance of blisters and ulceration of the cervix. Blisters can break and cause painful sores. Healing can take weeks. However, in many women these symptoms do not occur, but they have copious creamy white discharge, which is more common in the above mentioned bacterial infections. [6]
- Other symptoms include headache, swollen lymph nodes, and painful urination.
- The virus is transmitted by having intercourse with someone who has the disease. Fluids found in a herpes sore carry the virus, and contact with those fluids can cause infection. The virus can also be released through skin and spread the infection to the sex partner. This is called viral shedding.
- -There is no cure for herpes cervicitis. However, medicines taken daily can prevent or reduce the outbreak.
- The only to prevent HSV infection is to avoid sex. Being in a long term monogamous relationship who has been tested negative for HSV, and using latex condoms the right way can lower chances of HSV infection.
- Herpes infection during pregnancy can cause a miscarriage or premature delivery. The virus can pass on to the baby as well.
- HPV infection is a very common sexually transmitted disease that can occur at any age but is more prevalent in young people of 17-33 years of age.
- It is one of the most contagious infections. Even a single sexual contact with a person with genital warts can cause the infection.
- In some cases, HPV cervicitis can lead to cervical cancer. HPV-6 and HPV-11 are low risk infections for cancer, but HPV-16 and higher are high risk for cervical cancer. Read more about How you can prevent cervical cancer
- Trichomoniasis is a sexually transmitted disease caused by a single-celled parasite (protozoan) called Trichomonas vaginalis.
- Symptoms include frothy yellow-green or gray vaginal discharge, itching of genitals, painful urination, discomfort during intercourse, and a foul smell from the vagina.
- Symptoms may appear 5-28 days after exposure to the protozoan, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
- Trichomonas infection can increase the risk of developing or passing on other sexually transmitted infections such as HIV.
- Pregnant women with T. vaginalis infection are more likely to have pre-term delivery and low birth weight babies.
- The infection is treated with medication, but all sex partners need to undergo treatment. Normally, the infection returns within 3 months of treatment and requires further treatment.
- Allergic reactions to
- Trauma to the cervix
- Intrauterine device
- Bacterial vaginosis, where there is overgrowth of harmful bacteria in the vagina
- Unknown factors; researchers have established that most infections are not caused by Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Chlamydia trachomatis as thought earlier, rather, for most cases of cervicitis the cause is not known. [7]
- World Health Organization. Sexually transmitted infections. http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs110/en/
- Numazaki K, Asanuma H, Niida Y. Chlamydia trachomatis infection in early neonatal period. BMC Infectious Diseases. 2003;3:2. doi:10.1186/1471-2334-3-2.
- Marrazzo J, Martin D. Management of Women with Cervicitis. Clinical Infectious Diseases. 2007;44(Supplement 3):S102-S110. doi:10.1086/511423.
- Sethi S, Singh G, Samanta P, Sharma M. Mycoplasma genitalium: An emerging sexually transmitted pathogen. The Indian Journal of Medical Research. 2012;136(6):942-955.
- Manhart LE, Holmes KK, Hughes JP, Houston LS, Totten PA. Mycoplasma genitalium among young adults in the United States: an emerging sexually transmitted infection. Am J Public Health. 2007;97:1118–25.
- Fowotade A, Okolo AC, Manga MM, Anaedobe CG, Salami AA, Akang EEU. Apparent Rarity of Asymptomatic Herpes Cervicitis in a Woman with Intra-Uterine Contraceptive Device. Journal of Public Health in Africa. 2013;4(2):e14. doi:10.4081/jphia.2013.e14.
- Taylor S. Cervicitis of Unknown Etiology. Current Infectious Disease Reports. 2014;16(7). doi:10.1007/s11908-014-0409-x.
Real women share things you shoud know before buying a menstrual cup
- Size: Menstrual cups are available in different sizes, mainly small and large. For younger girls, who have never had a vaginal childbirth, a smaller size will be comfortable. If you are over 30 and had a vaginal birth, a larger size might be needed. There's enough resource available online to understand your body type and what kind of menstrual cup will be suited for you.
- Inserting the menstrual cup: There are different ways for inserting a menstrual cup in your vagina. There are many youtube tutorials available for that. Once you start using a menstrual cup, try the different methods and find out what works for you. Same applies for removing the menstrual cup.
- Cleaning: This is the part turns off a lot of women when it comes to a menstrual cup. Yes, you have to use your hands to remove the cup full of your period blood and wash it. This will definitely take some time to get used to. But with practice, you can do it with minimal to no mess. To clean a menstrual cup, first you need to empty the cup in a sink or the toilet pot. Then rinse it out thoroughly. Then use a mild soap and water to wash the cup. You can also sterilise it by boiling it in water.
- That uncomfortable 'feeling': A major concern most women have about menstrual cups is feeling uncomfortable with having a cup wedged in your vagina all day long. Women who have made the switch say that even the feeling of sanitary napkins is not very pleasant, nor is the rashes or chaffing you can get with sanitary napkins. Once you start using a menstrual cup, you eventually get used to it. It is just like using a tampon.
What happens if I overdose on emergency contraceptives? Query
सॉफ्ट ड्रिंक पीने से क्यों माता-पिता बनने की संभावना हो जाती है कम?
An easy yoga mudra to beat infertility and help you get pregnant!
- Wear loose clothes and sit at a quiet place in a comfortable position. Take a deep breath in and slowly breathe out. Make sure that you observe your breath.
- Now bring your palms together with your fingers pointing away from your lower belly.
- Then bring your thumb to the navel and your index fingers to the pubic bone.
- Then spread your hands open such that the palms of the fingers are on your lower belly. Make sure that you keep your thumb and your lower fingers connected. The hand position in this mudra looks like the vulva. Observe your breath for sometime and slowly release your hands.
- Do this continuously for 3-6 minutes. Also, try these 6 mudras to beat stress.
- When you are too stressed and want to detach from the outside world, this mudra will help you get there. It will clear your mind and help you stay positive.
- Practising this yoga mudra will also help calm your nervous system.
आप मां नहीं बन पा रही है? योनी मुद्रा करेगी आपकी मदद
4 things you should be doing in your 20s to ensure stress-free pregnancy in your 30s
Confessions of a first time mom
- I don’t think I’ll ever be prepared: From setting a simple schedule to tackling everyday parenting problems, every challenge is unique and requires a skill set that I sometimes lack. The moment I relax thinking that I have figured my child out, I see a new trait or side of hers. After all she is only growing. But it is frustrating nevertheless.
- I feel guilty of everything I do: And because I feel unequipped, I constantly worry about everything I do as a parent, wondering if it was the right step forward. The paranoia is so bad that even before buying a children's book, I spent hours researching and going through the reviews of the book.
- I try way too hard to be a ‘good mom’: I want to be organised, disciplined, cool and fun mom. All at the same time. But for that, I probably have to forget that I am only human. As a mother and primary caregiver to my daughter, I feel this immense pressure on me to be the best everything in her eyes.
- I REALLY want a break – from my baby: It is apparent that I am exhausted at times, right? It is like my life as a mother and me as everything else is running parallel. No matter how much help I have, there's still a lot that I won't trust anybody with. When it comes to my baby, I want to be in charge, and that is exhausting.
- Sometimes, I don’t appreciate all the advice I get: No offence. Most of the times the advice may be coming from a good place, but I don't like being chastised all the time. How and for how long I breastfeed my child is my look out and the same applies to how I dress her. She is my child and I can look after her. Thank you.